Appearance:
Fine, white or creamy white powder, or almost odorless.
Identification:
Must pass the identification tests as per the JP monograph.
Chemical Composition:
Primarily composed of montmorillonite, a type of smectite clay.
Main components: Silicon Dioxide (SiO), Aluminum Oxide (AlO), Magnesium Oxide (MgO), and water.
pH:
pH range: 7.0 9.0 (in a 5% aqueous suspension).
Moisture Content:
Typically less than 10% (depending on the specific grade and source).
Heavy Metals:
Must comply with the heavy metal limit, usually less than 10 ppm.
Loss on Drying:
Not more than 10% (depending on the specification provided).
Arsenic:
Not more than 2 ppm.
Test for Impurities:
Should meet specific standards for impurities and contaminants as specified in the JP monograph.
Applications:
Used primarily as a suspending agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickening agent in pharmaceutical formulations like ointments, creams, and oral suspensions.